Understanding Uterine Fibroids & Large Benign Cysts

 

What are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine myomas, are the most common benign (non-cancerous) tumours found in a woman’s uterus (womb). These tumours originate from the smooth muscle tissue in the uterine wall. Fibroids can develop within the uterine wall itself or attach to it, potentially altering the structure of the uterus and affecting fertility and pregnancy. They may grow as a single tumour or in clusters.

 

Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

• Excessive menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)
• Prolonged periods
• Pelvic pain
• Constipation
• Frequent urination
• Back pain
• Painful sex
• Bleeding between periods

 

Causes of Uterine Fibroids

– Family history of fibroids

– Early onset of periods

– Overweight

– Excessive estrogen hormone exposure

Pelvic Examination / Internal Examination

A thorough pelvic examination can help detect abnormalities in the uterus.

 

Ultrasound Scan

An ultrasound provides imaging of the uterus, helping identify the presence of fibroids.

 

MRI Scan

An MRI offers detailed images of the uterus and fibroids, aiding in precise diagnosis.

 

Hysterosonography

This involves using saline solution to expand the uterine cavity for better ultrasound imaging.

 

Complications Associated with Uterine Fibroids

Submucosal fibroids can alter the shape and internal environment of the womb, making it difficult to conceive. During pregnancy, fibroids may cause complications such as miscarriage, premature labour, rapid fibroid growth, and bleeding, although these are rare. Dr. Smirnova will discuss all potential complications and treatment options during your consultation.

 

Types of Uterine Fibroids

Intramural Fibroids

These are the most common type, growing within the muscular wall of the uterus.

 

Submucosal Fibroids

These fibroids bulge into the uterine cavity from the inner wall.

 

Subserosal Fibroids

These grow from the outer wall of the uterus into the pelvic cavity and can become quite large.

 

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

 

Medication

Hormone-Based Treatments

Oral contraceptives can help regulate periods and relieve symptoms. Medications that lower estrogen levels may shrink fibroids but can have side effects like hot flushes, vaginal dryness, and osteoporosis if used long-term. These are typically used for a few months before surgery to reduce fibroid size.

 

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs like Ibuprofen and Naproxen can relieve pain associated with fibroids.

Myomectomy

This surgery removes fibroids while preserving the uterus. It can be performed through a traditional abdominal incision or via minimally invasive keyhole surgery. Myomectomy is often recommended for women who wish to retain fertility. Note that fibroids can recur, requiring further treatment.

 

Uterine Artery Embolisation (UAE)

UAE blocks the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink. Performed under local anaesthesia, this procedure can alleviate symptoms for at least six in every ten women treated. It’s primarily used for women with fibroid-related infertility as part of clinical trials.

 

For treatment of submucosal fibroids minimally invasive procedures such as Hysteroscopic resection of submucous fibroid can be performed. This minor surgery allows to normalise the uterine cavity and significantly reduce menorrhagia.

 

What are Large Benign Ovarian Cysts and How are They Diagnosed?

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside an ovary. These cysts can cause pain and discomfort, and in some cases, affect fertility. Common symptoms include pelvic pain, bloating, and irregular menstrual periods.

 

Pelvic Examination / Internal Examination

A pelvic exam can help detect the presence of cysts.

 

Ultrasound Scan

An ultrasound is the primary method for detecting ovarian cysts, providing detailed images of the ovaries.

 

MRI Scan

An MRI can offer more detailed imaging if needed, helping to distinguish between different types of cysts.

 

Blood Tests

In some cases, blood tests may be performed to check for hormone levels or markers that can indicate the nature of the cyst.

 

Treating and Removing Large Benign Cysts with Dr. Smirnova

Dr. Smirnova offers comprehensive care for large benign cysts. Treatment options include monitoring, medication, and surgical removal. For persistent or symptomatic cysts, Dr. Smirnova may recommend laparoscopic surgery, a minimally invasive procedure to remove the cysts while preserving ovarian function.

 

Why Choose Dr. Smirnova in Sydney’s Inner West?

Dr. Smirnova is a dedicated gynaecologist and obstetrician serving Sydney and the Inner West, specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine fibroids. Committed to providing comprehensive care, Dr. Smirnova offers personalized treatment plans to manage and alleviate fibroid symptoms effectively.

 

For more information or to schedule a consultation in Newtown, contact Dr. Smirnova’s office today.